74份梅集铁路设计原图在吉林通化公开 实证日本侵华罪行|全部孕妇毛片丰满孕妇孕交

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  中新网通化11月8日电 (李彦国 宋晓林)74份记录日本侵华时期梅河口至集安(旧称“辑安”)铁路(下称“梅集铁路”)修筑实况的原始设计图纸,近日在吉林通化首次集中公开。图纸清晰展示出日本侵略者为掠夺中国东北资源、强化殖民统治和镇压东北抗联而修筑铁路的野心与布局。

  这批图纸绘制于1937年至1940年,由通化文史研究者、民间收藏家庄鹏历时3年收集整理,涵盖梅集铁路通沟岭、老岭区段的桥梁、隧道、涵洞及站场设施,分为设计图、变更图与竣工图等,设计人员署名均为“日系”,部分绘图人员为“鲜系”,具有极高的史料与实证价值。

庄鹏和他收藏的梅集铁路设计图纸。 宋晓林 摄

  据介绍,梅集铁路由日本南满洲铁道株式会社于1936年开工建设,1939年全线贯通,全长250余公里,沿线贯穿矿产与林业富集区。为加速资源掠夺,日方还修建铁厂、果松、鸭园、东通化四条专用线,专供运输煤炭、铁矿石及制铁原料。

  “这条铁路是日本实施‘吸血式’经济侵略的重要通道。”通化市委党史研究室副主任、副研究员马会凤表示,1938年日方成立东边道开发株式会社,与铁路工程配套推进,形成以铁路为骨架的系统性殖民“开发”体系,而日本所谓的“开发”,就是掠夺的代名词。

  中国铁路沈阳局集团通化工务段原副段长、高级工程师花立伟表示,梅集铁路单位造价远超中东铁路与京奉铁路。其中,老岭隧道采用当时罕见的螺旋式复心隧道设计,需要解决两端落差109米所带来的技术问题,显示出日本为以战养战扩大侵华战争,加速灭亡中国而不惜代价。图纸中有大量设计变更记录,反映出日本在发动全面侵华战争后资源紧张、战争潜力不足的情况。

  东北抗联在杨靖宇将军的指挥下,曾多次袭击筑路工地,特别是1938年3月突袭老岭隧道工地的战斗,给日伪当局造成巨大经济损失,迫使铁路推迟通车。

  庄鹏希望,通过这74份图纸还原历史的本来面貌,让更多人直观了解那段屈辱的历史,充分发挥其爱国主义教育作用。(完)

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