展望“十五五”，未来乡村是啥样？|欧美老妇乱惀

**BMIjisuangongshijiqiyiyi**BMI（BodyMassIndex，shentizhiliangzhishu）shiyizhongyonglaipinggugetitizhongyushengaobilidefangfa，guangfanyongyurenkoujiankangyanjiuyijilinchuangpinggu。youyuBMIzhishujiandan、yiyujisuan，chengweihengliangyigerenshifouchuyujiankangtizhongfanweidezhongyaogongju。**BMIjisuangongshi**BMIdejisuangongshiwei：\[BMI=\frac{tizhong（qianke）}{shengao（mi）^2}\]liru，ruguoyigerendetizhongwei70qianke，shengaowei1.75mi，nametadeBMIjisuanruxia：\[BMI=\frac{70}{1.75^2}\approx22.86\]BMIdejieguotongchangbeiyonglaipanduanyigerenshifouchaozhong、feipanghuotizhongguoqing。yixiashichangjiandeBMIfenleibiaozhun：-diyu18.5：tizhongguoqing-18.5zhi24.9：zhengchangfanwei-25zhi29.9：chaozhong-30jiyishang：feipang"zhengchang"deBMIfanweiduiyudaduoshuchengnianrenlaishuo，daibiaozhejiankangdetizhong。chaozhonghefeipangzekenengzengjiahuanduozhongmanxingjibingdefengxian，baokuoxinzangbing、gaoxueya、tangniaobingdeng。**BMIdejuxianxing**jinguanBMIshiyigeyouyongdegongju，dantabingbushiwanmeide。BMIdejisuanbingmeiyoukaolvdaogetidejirouliang、gumiduhezhifangfenbu。liru，zhuanyeyundongyuanwangwangjirouliangjiaogao，yincijishitamendeBMIchaoguozhengchangfanwei，yebuyiweizhetamenbujiankang。ciwai，BMIyeweikaolvnianlinghexingbiedengyinsu，yinweizhexiedoukenengyingxiangshentichengfen。yinci，yiliaozhuanyerenshijianyizaipinggutizhongxiangguanjiankangfengxianshi，jieheqitazhibiao，ruyaowei、ti*(*)*(*)B(B)M(M)I(I)计(ji)算(suan)公(gong)式(shi)及(ji)其(qi)意(yi)义(yi)*(*)*(*)B(B)M(M)I(I)（(（)B(B)o(o)d(d)y(y)M(M)a(a)s(s)s(s)I(I)n(n)d(d)e(e)x(x)，(，)身(shen)体(ti)质(zhi)量(liang)指(zhi)数(shu)）(）)是(shi)一(yi)种(zhong)用(yong)来(lai)评(ping)估(gu)个(ge)体(ti)体(ti)重(zhong)与(yu)身(shen)高(gao)比(bi)例(li)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)，(，)广(guang)泛(fan)用(yong)于(yu)人(ren)口(kou)健(jian)康(kang)研(yan)究(jiu)以(yi)及(ji)临(lin)床(chuang)评(ping)估(gu)。(。)由(you)于(yu)B(B)M(M)I(I)指(zhi)数(shu)简(jian)单(dan)、(、)易(yi)于(yu)计(ji)算(suan)，(，)成(cheng)为(wei)衡(heng)量(liang)一(yi)个(ge)人(ren)是(shi)否(fou)处(chu)于(yu)健(jian)康(kang)体(ti)重(zhong)范(fan)围(wei)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)工(gong)具(ju)。(。)*(*)*(*)B(B)M(M)I(I)计(ji)算(suan)公(gong)式(shi)*(*)*(*)B(B)M(M)I(I)的(de)计(ji)算(suan)公(gong)式(shi)为(wei)：(：)\(\)[([)B(B)M(M)I(I)=(=)\(\)f(f)r(r)a(a)c(c){({)体(ti)重(zhong)（(（)千(qian)克(ke)）(）)}(}){({)身(shen)高(gao)（(（)米(mi)）(）)^(^)2(2)}(})\(\)](])例(li)如(ru)，(，)如(ru)果(guo)一(yi)个(ge)人(ren)的(de)体(ti)重(zhong)为(wei)7(7)0千(qian)克(ke)，(，)身(shen)高(gao)为(wei)1(1).(.)7(7)5(5)米(mi)，(，)那(na)么(me)他(ta)的(de)B(B)M(M)I(I)计(ji)算(suan)如(ru)下(xia)：(：)\(\)[([)B(B)M(M)I(I)=(=)\(\)f(f)r(r)a(a)c(c){({)7(7)0}(}){({)1(1).(.)7(7)5(5)^(^)2(2)}(})\(\)a(a)p(p)p(p)r(r)o(o)x(x)2(2)2(2).(.)8(8)6(6)\(\)](])B(B)M(M)I(I)的(de)结(jie)果(guo)通(tong)常(chang)被(bei)用(yong)来(lai)判(pan)断(duan)一(yi)个(ge)人(ren)是(shi)否(fou)超(chao)重(zhong)、(、)肥(fei)胖(pang)或(huo)体(ti)重(zhong)过(guo)轻(qing)。(。)以(yi)下(xia)是(shi)常(chang)见(jian)的(de)B(B)M(M)I(I)分(fen)类(lei)标(biao)准(zhun)：(：)-(-)低(di)于(yu)1(1)8(8).(.)5(5)：(：)体(ti)重(zhong)过(guo)轻(qing)-(-)1(1)8(8).(.)5(5)至(zhi)2(2)4(4).(.)9(9)：(：)正(zheng)常(chang)范(fan)围(wei)-(-)2(2)5(5)至(zhi)2(2)9(9).(.)9(9)：(：)超(chao)重(zhong)-(-)3(3)0及(ji)以(yi)上(shang)：(：)肥(fei)胖(pang)"(")正(zheng)常(chang)"(")的(de)B(B)M(M)I(I)范(fan)围(wei)对(dui)于(yu)大(da)多(duo)数(shu)成(cheng)年(nian)人(ren)来(lai)说(shuo)，(，)代(dai)表(biao)着(zhe)健(jian)康(kang)的(de)体(ti)重(zhong)。(。)超(chao)重(zhong)和(he)肥(fei)胖(pang)则(ze)可(ke)能(neng)增(zeng)加(jia)患(huan)多(duo)种(zhong)慢(man)性(xing)疾(ji)病(bing)的(de)风(feng)险(xian)，(，)包(bao)括(kuo)心(xin)脏(zang)病(bing)、(、)高(gao)血(xue)压(ya)、(、)糖(tang)尿(niao)病(bing)等(deng)。(。)*(*)*(*)B(B)M(M)I(I)的(de)局(ju)限(xian)性(xing)*(*)*(*)尽(jin)管(guan)B(B)M(M)I(I)是(shi)一(yi)个(ge)有(you)用(yong)的(de)工(gong)具(ju)，(，)但(dan)它(ta)并(bing)不(bu)是(shi)完(wan)美(mei)的(de)。(。)B(B)M(M)I(I)的(de)计(ji)算(suan)并(bing)没(mei)有(you)考(kao)虑(lv)到(dao)个(ge)体(ti)的(de)肌(ji)肉(rou)量(liang)、(、)骨(gu)密(mi)度(du)和(he)脂(zhi)肪(fang)分(fen)布(bu)。(。)例(li)如(ru)，(，)专(zhuan)业(ye)运(yun)动(dong)员(yuan)往(wang)往(wang)肌(ji)肉(rou)量(liang)较(jiao)高(gao)，(，)因(yin)此(ci)即(ji)使(shi)他(ta)们(men)的(de)B(B)M(M)I(I)超(chao)过(guo)正(zheng)常(chang)范(fan)围(wei)，(，)也(ye)不(bu)意(yi)味(wei)着(zhe)他(ta)们(men)不(bu)健(jian)康(kang)。(。)此(ci)外(wai)，(，)B(B)M(M)I(I)也(ye)未(wei)考(kao)虑(lv)年(nian)龄(ling)和(he)性(xing)别(bie)等(deng)因(yin)素(su)，(，)因(yin)为(wei)这(zhe)些(xie)都(dou)可(ke)能(neng)影(ying)响(xiang)身(shen)体(ti)成(cheng)分(fen)。(。)因(yin)此(ci)，(，)医(yi)疗(liao)专(zhuan)业(ye)人(ren)士(shi)建(jian)议(yi)在(zai)评(ping)估(gu)体(ti)重(zhong)相(xiang)关(guan)健(jian)康(kang)风(feng)险(xian)时(shi)，(，)结(jie)合(he)其(qi)他(ta)指(zhi)标(biao)，(，)如(ru)腰(yao)围(wei)、(、)体(ti)