编程教育走进山乡课堂(迈向“十五五”的民生图景)|一区二区三区中文字幕

###shennangzhong：lejieyuguanlishennangzhongshiyizhongchangjiandeshenzangjibing，tongchangbiaoxianweishenzangneibuhuobiaomiandexiaonangpao，nangpaoneichongmanyeti。zhezhongjibingwangwangshiliangxingde，daduoshuqingkuangxiabuhuiyinqimingxiandezhengzhuanghuojiankangwenti。genjuyixueyanjiu，shennangzhongzaichengnianrenzhongyouqipubian，suizhenianlingdezengchang，qifashenglvyehuizengjia。shennangzhongfenweijizhongleixing，qizhongzuichangjiandeshijiandanshennangzhong。zhezhongnangzhongtongchangshidangeqiexiaode，xingtaiguize，buhuiebian。jiandanshennangzhongdexingchengtongchangyuyichuanyinsu、laohuaguochenghuoshenzangdeqitajiegoubianhuayouguan。lingyizhongleixingshifuzashennangzhong，zhezhongnangzhongjiegoujiaofuza，youkenengcunzaiebiandefengxian，yincixuyaodingqijiancehepinggu。shennangzhongdezhengzhuangtongchangbumingxian，xuduohuanzhezaichangguitijianshicaihuiyiwaifaxian。ruguonangzhongjiaodahuoshuliangjiaoduo，kenenghuiyinqiyaotong、fubuzhangtonghuogaoxueyadengzhengzhuang。zaishaoshuqingkuangxia，ruguonangzhongpolie，huanzhekenenghuichuxianjixingfutonghuochuxianxueniaodengqingkuang。duiyuzhezhongqingkuang，jishijiuyishizhiguanzhongyaode。duiyushennangzhongdezhenduan，chaoshengjianzhashizuichangyongdefangfa，nenggouqingxidixianshishenzangdexingtaijinangzhongdetezheng。ciwai，CTheMRIdengyingxiangxuejianzhayekeyiyonglaijinyibupinggufuzanangzhong。tongguozhexiejianzha，yishengkeyipanduannangzhongdexingzhi，juedinghouxudeguanlihezhiliaofangan。duiyujiandan#(#)#(#)#(#)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)：(：)了(le)解(jie)与(yu)管(guan)理(li)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)是(shi)一(yi)种(zhong)常(chang)见(jian)的(de)肾(shen)脏(zang)疾(ji)病(bing)，(，)通(tong)常(chang)表(biao)现(xian)为(wei)肾(shen)脏(zang)内(nei)部(bu)或(huo)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)小(xiao)囊(nang)泡(pao)，(，)囊(nang)泡(pao)内(nei)充(chong)满(man)液(ye)体(ti)。(。)这(zhe)种(zhong)疾(ji)病(bing)往(wang)往(wang)是(shi)良(liang)性(xing)的(de)，(，)大(da)多(duo)数(shu)情(qing)况(kuang)下(xia)不(bu)会(hui)引(yin)起(qi)明(ming)显(xian)的(de)症(zheng)状(zhuang)或(huo)健(jian)康(kang)问(wen)题(ti)。(。)根(gen)据(ju)医(yi)学(xue)研(yan)究(jiu)，(，)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)在(zai)成(cheng)年(nian)人(ren)中(zhong)尤(you)其(qi)普(pu)遍(bian)，(，)随(sui)着(zhe)年(nian)龄(ling)的(de)增(zeng)长(chang)，(，)其(qi)发(fa)生(sheng)率(lv)也(ye)会(hui)增(zeng)加(jia)。(。)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)分(fen)为(wei)几(ji)种(zhong)类(lei)型(xing)，(，)其(qi)中(zhong)最(zui)常(chang)见(jian)的(de)是(shi)简(jian)单(dan)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)。(。)这(zhe)种(zhong)囊(nang)肿(zhong)通(tong)常(chang)是(shi)单(dan)个(ge)且(qie)小(xiao)的(de)，(，)形(xing)态(tai)规(gui)则(ze)，(，)不(bu)会(hui)恶(e)变(bian)。(。)简(jian)单(dan)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)的(de)形(xing)成(cheng)通(tong)常(chang)与(yu)遗(yi)传(chuan)因(yin)素(su)、(、)老(lao)化(hua)过(guo)程(cheng)或(huo)肾(shen)脏(zang)的(de)其(qi)他(ta)结(jie)构(gou)变(bian)化(hua)有(you)关(guan)。(。)另(ling)一(yi)种(zhong)类(lei)型(xing)是(shi)复(fu)杂(za)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)，(，)这(zhe)种(zhong)囊(nang)肿(zhong)结(jie)构(gou)较(jiao)复(fu)杂(za)，(，)有(you)可(ke)能(neng)存(cun)在(zai)恶(e)变(bian)的(de)风(feng)险(xian)，(，)因(yin)此(ci)需(xu)要(yao)定(ding)期(qi)监(jian)测(ce)和(he)评(ping)估(gu)。(。)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)的(de)症(zheng)状(zhuang)通(tong)常(chang)不(bu)明(ming)显(xian)，(，)许(xu)多(duo)患(huan)者(zhe)在(zai)常(chang)规(gui)体(ti)检(jian)时(shi)才(cai)会(hui)意(yi)外(wai)发(fa)现(xian)。(。)如(ru)果(guo)囊(nang)肿(zhong)较(jiao)大(da)或(huo)数(shu)量(liang)较(jiao)多(duo)，(，)可(ke)能(neng)会(hui)引(yin)起(qi)腰(yao)痛(tong)、(、)腹(fu)部(bu)胀(zhang)痛(tong)或(huo)高(gao)血(xue)压(ya)等(deng)症(zheng)状(zhuang)。(。)在(zai)少(shao)数(shu)情(qing)况(kuang)下(xia)，(，)如(ru)果(guo)囊(nang)肿(zhong)破(po)裂(lie)，(，)患(huan)者(zhe)可(ke)能(neng)会(hui)出(chu)现(xian)急(ji)性(xing)腹(fu)痛(tong)或(huo)出(chu)现(xian)血(xue)尿(niao)等(deng)情(qing)况(kuang)。(。)对(dui)于(yu)这(zhe)种(zhong)情(qing)况(kuang)，(，)及(ji)时(shi)就(jiu)医(yi)是(shi)至(zhi)关(guan)重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)。(。)对(dui)于(yu)肾(shen)囊(nang)肿(zhong)的(de)诊(zhen)断(duan)，(，)超(chao)声(sheng)检(jian)查(zha)是(shi)最(zui)常(chang)用(yong)的(de)方(fang)法(fa)，(，)能(neng)够(gou)清(qing)晰(xi)地(di)显(xian)示(shi)肾(shen)脏(zang)的(de)形(xing)态(tai)及(ji)囊(nang)肿(zhong)的(de)特(te)征(zheng)。(。)此(ci)外(wai)，(，)C(C)T(T)和(he)M(M)R(R)I(I)等(deng)影(ying)像(xiang)学(xue)检(jian)查(zha)也(ye)可(ke)以(yi)用(yong)来(lai)进(jin)一(yi)步(bu)评(ping)估(gu)复(fu)杂(za)囊(nang)肿(zhong)。(。)通(tong)过(guo)这(zhe)些(xie)检(jian)查(zha)，(，)医(yi)生(sheng)可(ke)以(yi)判(pan)断(duan)囊(nang)肿(zhong)的(de)性(xing)质(zhi)，(，)决(jue)定(ding)后(hou)续(xu)的(de)管(guan)理(li)和(he)治(zhi)疗(liao)方(fang)案(an)。(。)对(dui)于(yu)简(jian)单(dan)